JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023 Each part of such a program is called a thread.
feature that allows two or more parts of a program to run concurrently for maximum CPU utilization.
What are the benefits of multithreading JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023 methood 1?
So threads are lightweight processes within a process. … Start() calls the run() method on the Thread object.
The primary function of multithreading is to run or execute multiple tasks simultaneously. These tasks are represented as threads in a Java program and have a separate execution path. Also handling multi-threaded Java programs is easy as you can decide the order in which the Java threads will execute JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Why do we use threads JAVA MULTI THREADING?
A thread is a lightweight process that helps in running tasks in parallel. Threads work independently and provide maximum CPU utilization, thereby increasing CPU performance. Threads to speed up a Java application by doing multiple things at the same time.
How does multithreading work?
Java multithreading allows you to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. This is possible because modern computers have multiple CPUs (CPUs are the brains of your computer, and it has lots of them!). One CPU can work on one thread at a time (unless your CPUs have hyper-threading, in which case it can handle two at once)
Advantages of multithreading JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023:
Higher performance due to reduced development time
Simplified and streamlined program coding
Improvised GUI response
Simultaneous and parallel occurrence of tasks
Better cache utilization due to resource utilization
Reduced maintenance costs
Better utilization of CPU resources
Disadvantages of multithreading:
Complex debugging and testing processes
Overhead context switching
Increased potential for deadlocks to occur
Increased level of difficulty when writing a program
Unpredictable results
Creating a Thread in Java JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
There are two ways to create a thread in Java JAVA MULTI THREADING methood 2:
1) By extending the Thread class.
2) By implementing the Runnable interface.
JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023 Before we start the programs (code) to create threads, let’s look at these methods of the Thread class. We used several of these methods in the example below.
getName(): Used to get the thread name
getPriority(): Get the thread priority
isAlive(): Determines whether the thread is still running
join(): Wait for the thread to terminate
run(): Entry point for thread
sleep(): suspend a thread for a certain amount of time
start(): starts a thread by calling its run() method.
Method 1: Create a thread by extending Thread class4 JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
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Before we talk about multithreading, let’s discuss threads. A thread is a lightweight smallest part of a process that can run concurrently with other parts (other threads) of the same process. Threads are independent because they all have a separate execution path JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023,
which is why if an exception occurs in one thread, it will not affect the execution of the other threads. All threads of a process share common memory. The process of running multiple threads simultaneously is known as multithreading JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Let’s summarize the discussion in points:
1. The main purpose of multithreading is to provide simultaneous execution of two or more parts of a program for maximum use of CPU time. A multithreaded program contains two or more parts that can run concurrently. Each such part of the program is called a thread JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
2. Threads are lightweight sub-processes, they share a common memory space. In a multithreaded environment, programs that use multithreading use maximum CPU time, so idle time can be kept to a minimum.
3. A thread can be in one of the following states JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023:
NEW – A thread that has not yet been started is in this state.
RUNNABLE – A thread running on a Java Virtual Machine is in this state.
BLOCKED – A thread that is blocked and waiting for a monitor lock is in this state.
WAITING – A thread that is waiting indefinitely for another thread to perform some action is in this state.
TIMED_WAITING – A thread that has been waiting for another thread to perform an action for the specified wait time is in this state.
TERMINATED – A thread that has been terminated is in this state JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
A thread can only be in one state at a time.
Read more about thread states at this link: Thread Lifecycle
Multitasking vs Multithreading vs Multiprocessing vs Parallel Processing
If you are new to Java, you may get confused between these terms as they are used quite often when we discuss multithreading. Let’s talk about them briefly JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Multitasking: The ability to perform more than one task simultaneously is known as multitasking.
Multithreading: We have already discussed this. It is the process of running multiple threads simultaneously. Multithreading is also known as Thread-based Multitasking JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Multiprocessing: This is the same as multitasking, but in multiprocessing, more than one CPU is involved. On the other hand, one CPU is involved in multitasking.
Parallel processing: Refers to the use of multiple CPUs in a single computer system.
Creating a Thread in Java
There are two ways to create a thread in Java JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023:
1) By extending the Thread class.
2) By implementing the Runnable interface JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Before we start the programs (code) to create threads, let’s look at these methods of the Thread class. We used several of these methods in the example below.
getName(): Used to get the thread name
getPriority(): Get the thread priority
isAlive(): Determines whether the thread is still running
join(): Wait for the thread to terminate
run(): Entry point for thread
sleep(): suspend a thread for a certain amount of time
start(): starts a thread by calling its run() method.
Method 1: Create a thread by extending the Thread class
Java is a multi-threaded programming language which means we can develop a multi-threaded program using Java. A multithreaded program contains two or more parts that can run concurrently, and each part can handle a different task at the same time, making optimal use of available resources, especially when your computer has multiple CPUs JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
By definition, multitasking is when multiple processes share common processing resources, such as the CPU. Multi-threading extends the idea of multitasking to applications, where you can split specific operations within a single application into individual threads. Each of the threads can run in parallel. The OS divides processing time not only between different applications, but also between each thread within an application JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Java is a multi-threaded programming language which means we can develop a multi-threaded program using Java. A multithreaded program contains two or more parts that can run concurrently, and each part can handle a different task at the same time, making optimal use of available resources, especially when your computer has multiple CPUs JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
By definition, multitasking is when multiple processes share common processing resources, such as the CPU. Multi-threading extends the idea of multitasking to applications, where you can split specific operations within a single application into individual threads. Each of the threads can run in parallel. The OS divides processing time not only between different applications, but also between each thread within an application JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Multi-threading allows you to write in a way where multiple activities can run simultaneously in the same program.
The life cycle of a thread
A fiber goes through different stages of its life cycle. For example, a thread is spawned, started, runs, and then dies. The following diagram shows the entire life cycle of a fiber.
Java thread
The following are the phases of the life cycle −
New − A new thread begins its life cycle in a new state. It remains in this state until the program starts the thread. Also referred to as born thread JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Executable − When a newly spawned thread is started, the thread becomes executable. A thread in this state is considered to be performing its task JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Wait − Sometimes a thread enters the wait state while a thread is waiting for another thread to perform a task. A thread only transitions back to the runnable state when another thread signals the waiting thread to continue execution.
Timed Wait − A running thread can enter a timed wait state for a specified time interval. A thread in this state will transition back to the runnable state when this timeout expires or when the event it is waiting for occurs.
Terminated (Dead) − An executable thread enters the terminated state when it completes its task or otherwise terminates JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Thread priorities
Each Java thread has a priority that helps the operating system determine the order in which the threads are scheduled.
Java thread priorities range between MIN_PRIORITY (constant 1) and MAX_PRIORITY (constant 10). By default, each thread has a priority of NORM_PRIORITY (constant 5).
Higher priority threads are more important to the program and should be allocated processor time before lower priority threads. However, thread priorities cannot guarantee the order in which threads are executed and are highly platform dependent JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Create a thread by implementing an executable interface
If your class is intended to run as a thread, you can achieve this by implementing the Runnable interface. You will need to follow three basic steps −
As a first step, you need to implement the run() method provided by the Runnable interface. This method provides an entry point for the thread and you put your complete business logic in this method. The following is the simple syntax of the run() − method
Thread(Runnable threadObj, String threadName);
Where threadObj is an instance of a class that implements the Runnable interface and thread_name is the name given to the new thread JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
Java Programming at Wikibooks JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a universal programming language designed to allow programmers to write once and run anywhere (WORA),[17] meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.
[18] Java applications are typically compiled into bytecode that can be run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. Java’s syntax is similar to C and C++, but has fewer low-level facilities than either. The Java runtime provides dynamic features (such as reflection and runtime code modification) that are not typically available in traditional compiled languages.
As of 2019, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in use according to GitHub,[citation needed][19][20] especially for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.[21]
Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. It was released in May 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems’ Java platform. The original and reference implementations of Java compilers, virtual machines, and class libraries were originally released by Sun under proprietary licenses. In May 2007, Sun relicensed most of its Java technologies under the GPL-2.0 license in accordance with the Java Community Process specifications.
Oracle offers its own HotSpot Java Virtual Machine, however the official reference implementation is the OpenJDK JVM, which is free and open source software used by most developers and is the default JVM for almost all Linux distributions JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023.
As of September 2022, Java 19 is the latest version, while Java 17, 11, and 8 are the current long-term support (LTS) versions.
The neutrality of this section is questionable. A related discussion can be found on the talk page. Please do not delete this message until the conditions to do so are met. (September 2022) (Read how and when to remove this message template)
See also: Java (software platform) § History JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
Duke, the Javanese mascot
James Gosling, creator of Java, in 2008 JAVA MULTI THREADING 2023
TIOBE programming language popularity index chart from 2002 to 2022. Java was consistently at the top from mid-2015 to early 2020.
James Gosling, Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton started the Java language project in June 1991.[22] Java was originally designed for interactive television, but was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time.[23] The language was initially called Oak after the oak that stood outside Gosling’s office.
Later, the project was called Green and was eventually renamed Java, from Java coffee, a type of coffee from Indonesia.[24] Gosling designed Java with a C/C++-style syntax that systems and application programmers would find familiar.[25]
Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1996.[26] It promised a write-once, run-anywhere (WORA) feature that provides free runs on popular platforms. Quite secure and with configurable security, it allowed network and file access restrictions.
Major web browsers soon incorporated the ability to run Java applets on web pages, and Java quickly became popular. The Java 1.0 compiler was rewritten in Java by Arthur van Hoff to closely match the Java 1.0 language specification.[27] With the advent of Java 2 (released initially as J2SE 1.2 in December 1998–1999), the new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms.
J2EE included technologies and APIs for enterprise applications that typically run in server environments, while J2ME included APIs optimized for mobile applications. The desktop version was renamed J2SE. In 2006, Sun renamed the new versions of J2 Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE for marketing purposes.
In 1997, Sun Microsystems approached the ISO/IEC JTC 1 standards body and later Ecma International to formalize Java, but soon withdrew from the process.[28][29][30] Java remains the de facto standard managed through the Java Community Process.[31] Sun suddenly made most of its Java implementations available for free, despite their status as proprietary software. Sun generated revenue from Java by selling licenses for specialized products such as the Java Enterprise System.
On November 13, 2006, Sun released most of its Java Virtual Machine (JVM) as free and open source software (FOSS) under the terms of the GPL-2.0 license. On May 8, 2007, Sun completed the process and made all of its core JVM code available under the terms of a free software/open-source distribution, except for a small portion of the code that Sun did not own the copyright to.[32]
Sun vice president Rich Green said that Sun’s ideal role with respect to Java was as an evangelist.[33] Following Oracle’s 2009–2010 acquisition of Sun Microsystems, Oracle positioned itself as a steward of Java technology with a relentless commitment to community participation and transparency.[34] That didn’t stop Oracle from suing Google shortly after for using Java inside the Android SDK (see the Android section).
On April 2, 2010, James Gosling resigned from Oracle.[35]
In January 2016, Oracle announced that JDK 9-based Java runtimes would stop using the browser plugin.[36]
Java software runs on everything from laptops to data centers to gaming consoles to scientific supercomputers.[37]
Oracle (and others) strongly recommends uninstalling outdated and unsupported versions of Java due to unresolved security issues in older versions.[38]
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